El INPC es un indicador que mide el precio de los productos y servicios que componen la canasta básica en el tiempo, es decir, una muestra representativa del consumo de los hogares mexicanos.
Para que se utiliza el INPC
Este indicador se utiliza principalmente para medir la inflación, pero también es una herramienta muy útil para comparar precios durante un período de tiempo. De esta forma, es posible saber si los precios de los bienes o servicios realmente han subido, o si esta subida es solo producto de la inflación.
Leer también: ¿Qué es el catálogo de cuentas?
Quién elabora el INPC
El INPC es compilado por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI). Para ello, primero selecciona los productos y servicios que pertenezcan a la canasta básica y utilice la información que recopilan de la Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares.
Posteriormente, la encuestadora acudió a diferentes comercios y preguntó por los precios de los productos y servicios de la canasta básica. Recogen toda esta información y determinan el valor en el índice mediante un procesamiento estadístico.
Como se calcula INPC
El índice se calcula cada dos semanas y el resultado mensual es el promedio de las dos quincenas del mismo mes. Los datos mensuales se publican el día 10 de cada mes, y los datos quincenales se pueden consultar en el boletín oficial de la Federación y en el sitio web del INEGI a más tardar el día 25 de cada mes.
Histórico del INPC
| ENE | FEB | MAR | ABR | MAY | JUN | JUL | AGO | SEP | OCT | NOV | DIC | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | ||||||||||||
| 2020 | 106.447 | 106.889 | 106.838 | 105.755 | 106.162 | 106.743 | 107.444 | 107.867 | 108.114 | 108.774 | 108.856 | 109.271 |
| 2019 | 103.108 | 103.079 | 103.476 | 103.531 | 103.233 | 103.299 | 103.687 | 103.670 | 103.942 | 104.503 | 105.346 | 105.934 |
| 2018 | 98.7950 | 99.1713 | 99.4921 | 99.1548 | 98.9940 | 99.3764 | 99.9090 | 100.492 | 100.917 | 101.440 | 102.303 | 103.020 |
| 2017 | 124.598 | 125.318 | 126.087 | 126.242 | 126.091 | 126.408 | 126.886 | 127.513 | 127.912 | 128.717 | 130.044 | 130.813 |
| 2016 | 118.984 | 119.505 | 119.681 | 119.302 | 118.770 | 118.901 | 119.211 | 119.547 | 120.277 | 121.007 | 121.953 | 122.515 |
| 2015 | 115.954 | 116.174 | 116.647 | 116.345 | 115.764 | 115.958 | 116.128 | 116.373 | 116.809 | 117.410 | 118.051 | 118.532 |
| 2014 | 112.505 | 112.790 | 113.099 | 112.888 | 112.527 | 112.722 | 113.032 | 113.438 | 113.939 | 114.569 | 115.493 | 116.059 |
| 2013 | 107.678 | 108.208 | 109.002 | 109.074 | 108.711 | 108.645 | 108.609 | 108.918 | 109.328 | 109.848 | 110.872 | 111.508 |
| 2012 | 104.284 | 104.496 | 104.556 | 104.228 | 103.899 | 104.378 | 104.964 | 105.279 | 105.743 | 106.278 | 107.000 | 107.246 |
| 2011 | 100.228 | 100.604 | 100.797 | 100.789 | 100.046 | 100.041 | 100.521 | 100.680 | 100.927 | 101.608 | 102.707 | 103.551 |
| 2010 | 96.5755 | 97.1341 | 97.8236 | 97.5119 | 96.8975 | 96.8672 | 97.0775 | 97.3471 | 97.8574 | 98.4615 | 99.2504 | 99.7421 |
| 2009 | 92.4545 | 92.6586 | 93.1916 | 93.5178 | 93.2454 | 93.4171 | 93.6716 | 93.8957 | 94.3667 | 94.6522 | 95.1432 | 95.5370 |
| 2008 | 86.9894 | 87.2480 | 87.8804 | 88.0804 | 87.9852 | 88.3493 | 88.8417 | 89.3547 | 89.9637 | 90.5767 | 91.6063 | 92.2407 |
| 2007 | 83.8821 | 84.1166 | 84.2986 | 84.2483 | 83.8373 | 83.9380 | 84.2945 | 84.6379 | 85.2951 | 85.6275 | 86.2316 | 86.5881 |
| 2006 | 80.6707 | 80.7941 | 80.8955 | 81.0141 | 80.6535 | 80.7231 | 80.9445 | 81.3575 | 82.1788 | 82.5381 | 82.9712 | 83.4511 |
| 2005 | 77.6165 | 77.8751 | 78.2261 | 78.5047 | 78.3075 | 78.2323 | 78.5385 | 78.6323 | 78.9474 | 79.1412 | 79.7108 | 80.2004 |
| 2004 | 74.2423 | 74.6864 | 74.9395 | 75.0526 | 74.8643 | 74.9843 | 75.1808 | 75.6449 | 76.2704 | 76.7986 | 77.4537 | 77.6137 |
| 2003 | 71.2488 | 71.4467 | 71.8977 | 72.0204 | 71.7880 | 71.8474 | 71.9515 | 72.1673 | 72.5969 | 72.8631 | 73.4679 | 73.7837 |
| 2002 | 67.7546 | 67.7111 | 68.0574 | 68.4292 | 68.5679 | 68.9022 | 69.1000 | 69.3627 | 69.7800 | 70.0875 | 70.6544 | 70.9619 |
| 2001 | 64.6598 | 64.6170 | 65.0264 | 65.3544 | 65.5044 | 65.6593 | 65.4887 | 65.8767 | 66.4900 | 66.7905 | 67.0421 | 67.1349 |
| 2000 | 59.8083 | 60.3388 | 60.6734 | 61.0186 | 61.2467 | 61.6095 | 61.8498 | 62.1896 | 62.6439 | 63.0753 | 63.6146 | 64.3033 |
| 1999 | 53.8701 | 54.5941 | 55.1013 | 55.6070 | 55.9415 | 56.3090 | 56.6812 | 57.0002 | 57.5510 | 57.9155 | 58.4305 | 59.0159 |
| 1998 | 45.2633 | 46.0557 | 46.5952 | 47.0312 | 47.4058 | 47.9661 | 48.4286 | 48.8942 | 49.6872 | 50.3992 | 51.2918 | 52.5433 |
| 1997 | 39.2666 | 39.9264 | 40.4233 | 40.8600 | 41.2329 | 41.5988 | 41.9612 | 42.3343 | 42.8615 | 43.2041 | 43.6874 | 44.2995 |
| 1996 | 31.0547 | 31.7795 | 32.4791 | 33.4024 | 34.0112 | 34.5651 | 35.0564 | 35.5224 | 36.0903 | 36.5408 | 37.0944 | 38.2821 |
| 1995 | 20.4686 | 21.3361 | 22.5939 | 24.3943 | 25.4139 | 26.2204 | 26.7550 | 27.1988 | 27.7614 | 28.3326 | 29.0312 | 29.9770 |
| 1994 | 18.5696 | 18.6651 | 18.7611 | 18.8530 | 18.9441 | 19.0389 | 19.1233 | 19.2124 | 19.3491 | 19.4507 | 19.5546 | 19.7261 |
| 1993 | 17.2744 | 17.4155 | 17.5170 | 17.6180 | 17.7187 | 17.8181 | 17.9037 | 17.9996 | 18.1329 | 18.2070 | 18.2873 | 18.4268 |
| 1992 | 15.5179 | 15.7018 | 15.8616 | 16.0030 | 16.1085 | 16.2175 | 16.3199 | 16.4202 | 16.5630 | 16.6823 | 16.8209 | 17.0604 |
| 1991 | 13.1566 | 13.3863 | 13.5772 | 13.7194 | 13.8536 | 13.9989 | 14.1226 | 14.2209 | 14.3626 | 14.5296 | 14.8904 | 15.2409 |
| 1990 | 10.3508 | 10.5852 | 10.7718 | 10.9358 | 11.1266 | 11.3717 | 11.5791 | 11.7764 | 11.9442 | 12.1159 | 12.4376 | 12.8296 |
| 1989 | 8.4513 | 8.5660 | 8.6589 | 8.7884 | 8.9093 | 9.0175 | 9.1077 | 9.1945 | 9.2824 | 9.4197 | 9.5519 | 9.8743 |
| 1988 | 6.2806 | 6.8044 | 7.1528 | 7.3730 | 7.5156 | 7.6690 | 7.7970 | 7.8687 | 7.9137 | 7.9741 | 8.0808 | 8.2494 |
| 1987 | 2.2688 | 2.4325 | 2.5932 | 2.8201 | 3.0327 | 3.2521 | 3.5155 | 3.8028 | 4.0534 | 4.3912 | 4.7395 | 5.4395 |
| 1986 | 1.1103 | 1.1596 | 1.2135 | 1.2769 | 1.3479 | 1.4344 | 1.5059 | 1.6260 | 1.7235 | 1.8221 | 1.9452 | 2.0988 |
| 1985 | 0.6692 | 0.6970 | 0.7240 | 0.7463 | 0.7639 | 0.7831 | 0.8103 | 0.8458 | 0.8795 | 0.9130 | 0.9551 | 1.0201 |
| 1984 | 0.4163 | 0.4382 | 0.4570 | 0.4767 | 0.4926 | 0.5104 | 0.5271 | 0.5421 | 0.5582 | 0.5778 | 0.5976 | 0.6230 |
| 1983 | 0.2401 | 0.2530 | 0.2652 | 0.2820 | 0.2942 | 0.3054 | 0.3205 | 0.3329 | 0.3431 | 0.3545 | 0.3754 | 0.3914 |
| 1982 | 0.1143 | 0.1188 | 0.1231 | 0.1298 | 0.1371 | 0.1437 | 0.1511 | 0.1681 | 0.1770 | 0.1862 | 0.1956 | 0.2165 |
| 1981 | 0.0873 | 0.0895 | 0.0914 | 0.0935 | 0.0949 | 0.0962 | 0.0979 | 0.0999 | 0.1018 | 0.1040 | 0.1060 | 0.1089 |
| 1980 | 0.0683 | 0.0699 | 0.0714 | 0.0726 | 0.0738 | 0.0753 | 0.0774 | 0.0790 | 0.0798 | 0.0810 | 0.0825 | 0.0846 |
| 1979 | 0.0562 | 0.0570 | 0.0578 | 0.0583 | 0.0591 | 0.0597 | 0.0605 | 0.0614 | 0.0621 | 0.0632 | 0.0640 | 0.0652 |
| 1978 | 0.0478 | 0.0485 | 0.0490 | 0.0495 | 0.0500 | 0.0507 | 0.0515 | 0.0521 | 0.0527 | 0.0533 | 0.0538 | 0.0543 |
| 1977 | 0.0400 | 0.0409 | 0.0416 | 0.0422 | 0.0426 | 0.0431 | 0.0436 | 0.0445 | 0.0453 | 0.0456 | 0.0461 | 0.0467 |
| 1976 | 0.0310 | 0.0316 | 0.0319 | 0.0322 | 0.0324 | 0.0325 | 0.0328 | 0.0331 | 0.0342 | 0.0362 | 0.0378 | 0.0387 |
| 1975 | 0.0277 | 0.0279 | 0.0280 | 0.0283 | 0.0287 | 0.0291 | 0.0294 | 0.0296 | 0.0298 | 0.0300 | 0.0302 | 0.0305 |
| 1974 | 0.0235 | 0.0240 | 0.0242 | 0.0245 | 0.0247 | 0.0250 | 0.0253 | 0.0256 | 0.0259 | 0.0264 | 0.0271 | 0.0274 |
| 1973 | 0.0190 | 0.0191 | 0.0193 | 0.0196 | 0.0198 | 0.0200 | 0.0205 | 0.0208 | 0.0213 | 0.0216 | 0.0218 | 0.0227 |